Magnetism

 Magnetism is the force that pulls (attracts) or pushes (repels) an object which contains metal towards, or away from, a magnet. A magnet has an area around it over which it can exert a force on objects. The further away the object is from the magnet, the weaker the force.

Properties of Magnets are:

We already know that magnets are made up of the magnetic substance. Magnets have certain important properties. They are:

Attractive Property – Magnet attracts ferromagnetic materials like iron, cobalt, and nickel.

Repulsive Properties – Like magnetic poles repel each other and unlike magnetic poles attract each other.

Directive Property – A freely suspended magnet always points in a direction. 

Forces and fields between  magnets are:

The magnetic force is the force of attraction or repulsion that arises between electrically charged particles due to their motion  The magnetic force between two moving charges may be described as the force exerted upon their charge by the magnetic field created by the other. This force causes the magnets to attract or repel one another.

Examples of magnetic force is a compass, a motor, the magnets that hold stuff on the refrigerator, train tracks, and new roller coasters. All moving charges give rise to a magnetic field and the charges that move through its regions, experience a force. It may be positive or negative depending on whether the force is attractive or repulsive.The magnetic force is based on the charge, velocity and magnetic field of the object.

See the diagram  below:

 Uses of Permanent Magnets

It is used in electric motors.

It is also used in magnetic recordings.

It is used in speakers.

It is used in generators.

It is present in headphones and earphones.

It is also present in smartphones.

It is also used in cars and many automobiles.etc