Matter

 Nature of matter 

Matter is composed of particles. Differences in solids, liquids, and gases can be explained by the proximity and bonding of particles. When solids, liquids, and gases change state, distances between particles change as the particles absorb or release energy. There is nothing between the particles but space (no air).

These are the four main characteristics of particles of matter :

*Particles of matter are very tiny in size

*They have spaces between them

*Particles of matter move constantly

*They are attracted towards each other

See the diagram below:


Do you know what the basic building blocks of matter are called? Well, the basic building blocks that make up matter are called atoms. Sometimes two or more atoms bond, or stick together, and form a molecule. A molecule is the smallest part of a substance that still has all the properties of that substance. For example, a water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Sometimes, a molecule is made up of two or more of the same atoms, such as a helium gas molecule. The matter and molecules that make up the world around us are formed mostly by many different atoms bonding together — each having their own properties or attributes.

Atoms are little, but they pack a wallop when their energy is released. Let's start with the basic particles that make up the atom and their associated charges and structure. Atoms consist of three particles: negatively charged electrons, positively charged protons and neutrons, which have a neutral charge. It is easy to remember the types of charges on each of these particles when you use a simple association. For example, protons are positive, and both of those words start with p. Also, neutrons are neutral, which start with n. Then we only have to remember one particle: electrons, and they have a negative charge.
Look at the diagram  below 










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